HTML Tags

HTML Tags 1







<!--...--> Defines a comment
<!DOCTYPE>  Defines the document type
<a> Defines a hyperlink
<abbr> Defines an abbreviation
<acronym> Not supported in HTML5. Use <abbr> instead.Defines an acronym
<address> Defines contact information for the author/owner of a document
<applet> Not supported in HTML5. Use <object> instead.Defines an embedded applet
<area> Defines an area inside an image-map
<article> Defines an article
<aside> Defines content aside from the page content
<audio> Defines sound content
<b> Defines bold text
<base> Specifies the base URL/target for all relative URLs in a document
<basefont> Not supported in HTML5. Use CSS instead.Specifies a default color, size, and font for all text in a document
<bdi> Isolates a part of text that might be formatted in a different direction from other text outside it
<bdo> Overrides the current text direction
<big> Not supported in HTML5. Use CSS instead.Defines big text
<blockquote> Defines a section that is quoted from another source
<body> Defines the document's body
<br> Defines a single line break
<button> Defines a clickable button
<canvas> Used to draw graphics, on the fly, via scripting (usually JavaScript)
<caption> Defines a table caption
<center> Not supported in HTML5. Use CSS instead.Defines centered text
<cite> Defines the title of a work
<code> Defines a piece of computer code
<col> Specifies column properties for each column within a <colgroup> element 
<colgroup> Specifies a group of one or more columns in a table for formatting
<datalist> Specifies a list of pre-defined options for input controls
<dd> Defines a description/value of a term in a description list
<del> Defines text that has been deleted from a document
<details> Defines additional details that the user can view or hide
<dfn> Defines a definition term
<dialog> Defines a dialog box or window
<dir> Not supported in HTML5. Use <ul> instead.Defines a directory list
<div> Defines a section in a document
<dl> Defines a description list
<dt> Defines a term/name in a description list
<em> Defines emphasized text 
<embed> Defines a container for an external (non-HTML) application
<fieldset> Groups related elements in a form
<figcaption> Defines a caption for a <figure> element
<figure> Specifies self-contained content
<font> Not supported in HTML5. Use CSS instead.Defines font, color, and size for text
<footer> Defines a footer for a document or section
<form> Defines an HTML form for user input
<frame> Not supported in HTML5.Defines a window (a frame) in a frameset
<frameset> Not supported in HTML5.Defines a set of frames
<h1> to <h6> Defines HTML headings
<head> Defines information about the document
<header> Defines a header for a document or section
<hgroup> Defines a group of headings
<hr> Defines a thematic change in the content
<html> Defines the root of an HTML document
<i> Defines a part of text in an alternate voice or mood
<iframe> Defines an inline frame
<img> Defines an image
<input> Defines an input control
<ins> Defines a text that has been inserted into a document
<kbd> Defines keyboard input
<keygen> Defines a key-pair generator field (for forms)
<label> Defines a label for an <input> element
<legend> Defines a caption for a <fieldset> element
<li> Defines a list item
<link> Defines the relationship between a document and an external resource (most used to link to style sheets)
<main> Specifies the main content of a document
<map> Defines a client-side image-map
<mark> Defines marked/highlighted text
<menu> Defines a list/menu of commands
<menuitem> Defines a command/menu item that the user can invoke from a popup menu
<meta> Defines metadata about an HTML document
<meter> Defines a scalar measurement within a known range (a gauge)
<nav> Defines navigation links
<noframes> Not supported in HTML5.Defines an alternate content for users that do not support frames
<noscript> Defines an alternate content for users that do not support client-side scripts
<object> Defines an embedded object
<ol> Defines an ordered list
<optgroup> Defines a group of related options in a drop-down list
<option> Defines an option in a drop-down list
<output> Defines the result of a calculation
<p> Defines a paragraph
<param> Defines a parameter for an object
<pre> Defines preformatted text
<progress> Represents the progress of a task
<q> Defines a short quotation
<rp> Defines what to show in browsers that do not support ruby annotations
<rt> Defines an explanation/pronunciation of characters (for East Asian typography)
<ruby> Defines a ruby annotation (for East Asian typography)
<s> Defines text that is no longer correct
<samp> Defines sample output from a computer program
<script> Defines a client-side script
<section> Defines a section in a document
<select> Defines a drop-down list
<small> Defines smaller text
<source> Defines multiple media resources for media elements (<video> and <audio>)
<span> Defines a section in a document
<strike> Not supported in HTML5. Use <del> instead.Defines strikethrough text
<strong> Defines important text
<style> Defines style information for a document
<sub> Defines subscripted text
<summary> Defines a visible heading for a <details> element
<sup> Defines superscripted text
<table> Defines a table
<tbody> Groups the body content in a table
<td> Defines a cell in a table
<textarea> Defines a multiline input control (text area)
<tfoot> Groups the footer content in a table
<th> Defines a header cell in a table
<thead> Groups the header content in a table
<time> Defines a date/time
<title> Defines a title for the document
<tr> Defines a row in a table
<track> Defines text tracks for media elements (<video> and <audio>)
<tt> Not supported in HTML5. Use CSS instead.Defines teletype text
<u> Defines text that should be stylistically different from normal text
<ul> Defines an unordered list
<var> Defines a variable
<video> Defines a video or movie
<wbr> Defines a possible line-break


Basic Tags

Tag Description
<!DOCTYPE>  Defines the document type
<html> Defines an HTML document
<title> Defines a title for the document
<body> Defines the document's body
<h1> to <h6> Defines HTML headings
<p> Defines a paragraph
<br> Inserts a single line break
<hr> Defines a thematic change in the content
<!--...--> Defines a comment

Formatting

Tag Description
<acronym> Not supported in HTML5. Use <abbr> instead.Defines an acronym
<abbr> Defines an abbreviation
<address> Defines contact information for the author/owner of a document/article
<b> Defines bold text
<bdi> Isolates a part of text that might be formatted in a different direction from other text outside it
<bdo> Overrides the current text direction
<big> Not supported in HTML5. Use CSS instead.Defines big text
<blockquote> Defines a section that is quoted from another source
<center> Not supported in HTML5. Use CSS instead.Defines centered text
<cite> Defines the title of a work
<code> Defines a piece of computer code
<del> Defines text that has been deleted from a document
<dfn> Defines a definition term
<em> Defines emphasized text 
<font> Not supported in HTML5. Use CSS instead.Defines font, color, and size for text
<i> Defines a part of text in an alternate voice or mood
<ins> Defines a text that has been inserted into a document
<kbd> Defines keyboard input
<mark> Defines marked/highlighted text
<meter> Defines a scalar measurement within a known range (a gauge)
<pre> Defines preformatted text
<progress> Represents the progress of a task
<q> Defines a short quotation
<rp> Defines what to show in browsers that do not support ruby annotations
<rt> Defines an explanation/pronunciation of characters (for East Asian typography)
<ruby> Defines a ruby annotation (for East Asian typography)
<s> Defines text that is no longer correct
<samp> Defines sample output from a computer program
<small> Defines smaller text
<strike> Not supported in HTML5. Use <del> instead.Defines strikethrough text
<strong> Defines important text
<sub> Defines subscripted text
<sup> Defines superscripted text
<time> Defines a date/time
<tt> Not supported in HTML5. Use CSS instead.Defines teletype text
<u> Defines text that should be stylistically different from normal text
<var> Defines a variable
<wbr> Defines a possible line-break

Forms and Input

Tag Description
<form> Defines an HTML form for user input
<input> Defines an input control
<textarea> Defines a multiline input control (text area)
<button> Defines a clickable button
<select> Defines a drop-down list
<optgroup> Defines a group of related options in a drop-down list
<option> Defines an option in a drop-down list
<label> Defines a label for an <input> element
<fieldset> Groups related elements in a form
<legend> Defines a caption for a <fieldset> element
<datalist> Specifies a list of pre-defined options for input controls
<keygen> Defines a key-pair generator field (for forms)
<output> Defines the result of a calculation

Frames

Tag Description
<frame> Not supported in HTML5.Defines a window (a frame) in a frameset
<frameset> Not supported in HTML5.Defines a set of frames
<noframes> Not supported in HTML5.Defines an alternate content for users that do not support frames
<iframe> Defines an inline frame

Images

Tag Description
<img> Defines an image
<map> Defines a client-side image-map
<area> Defines an area inside an image-map
<canvas> Used to draw graphics, on the fly, via scripting (usually JavaScript)
<figcaption> Defines a caption for a <figure> element
<figure> Specifies self-contained content

Audio / Video

Tag Description
<audio> Defines sound content
<source> Defines multiple media resources for media elements (<video> and <audio>)
<track> Defines text tracks for media elements (<video> and <audio>)
<video> Defines a video or movie

Links

Tag Description
<a> Defines a hyperlink
<link> Defines the relationship between a document and an external resource (most used to link to style sheets)
<nav> Defines navigation links

Lists

Tag Description
<ul> Defines an unordered list
<ol> Defines an ordered list
<li> Defines a list item
<dir> Not supported in HTML5. Use <ul> instead.Defines a directory list
<dl> Defines a description list
<dt> Defines a term/name in a description list
<dd> Defines a description of a term/name in a description list
<menu> Defines a list/menu of commands
<menuitem> Defines a command/menu item that the user can invoke from a popup menu

Tables

Tag Description
<table> Defines a table
<caption> Defines a table caption
<th> Defines a header cell in a table
<tr> Defines a row in a table
<td> Defines a cell in a table
<thead> Groups the header content in a table
<tbody> Groups the body content in a table
<tfoot> Groups the footer content in a table
<col> Specifies column properties for each column within a <colgroup> element
<colgroup> Specifies a group of one or more columns in a table for formatting

Styles and Semantics

Tag Description
<style> Defines style information for a document
<div> Defines a section in a document
<span> Defines a section in a document
<header> Defines a header for a document or section
<hgroup> Defines a group of headings
<footer> Defines a footer for a document or section
<section> Defines a section in a document
<article> Defines an article
<aside> Defines content aside from the page content
<details> Defines additional details that the user can view or hide
<dialog> Defines a dialog box or window
<summary> Defines a visible heading for a <details> element

Meta Info

Tag Description
<head> Defines information about the document
<meta> Defines metadata about an HTML document
<base> Specifies the base URL/target for all relative URLs in a document
<basefont> Not supported in HTML5. Use CSS instead.Specifies a default color, size, and font for all text in a document

Programming

Tag Description
<script> Defines a client-side script
<noscript> Defines an alternate content for users that do not support client-side scripts
<applet> Not supported in HTML5. Use <object> instead.Defines an embedded applet
<embed> Defines a container for an external (non-HTML) application
<object> Defines an embedded object
<param> Defines a parameter for an object

HTML Global Attributes

= Attribute added in HTML5.
Attribute Description
accesskey Specifies a shortcut key to activate/focus an element
class Specifies one or more classnames for an element (refers to a class in a style sheet)
contenteditable Specifies whether the content of an element is editable or not
contextmenu Specifies a context menu for an element. The context menu appears when a user right-clicks on the element
data-* Used to store custom data private to the page or application
dir Specifies the text direction for the content in an element
draggable Specifies whether an element is draggable or not
dropzone Specifies whether the dragged data is copied, moved, or linked, when dropped
hidden Specifies that an element is not yet, or is no longer, relevant
id Specifies a unique id for an element
lang Specifies the language of the element's content
spellcheck Specifies whether the element is to have its spelling and grammar checked or not
style Specifies an inline CSS style for an element
tabindex Specifies the tabbing order of an element
title Specifies extra information about an element
translate Specifies whether the content of an element should be translated or not

Global Event Attributes

HTML 4 added the ability to let events trigger actions in a browser, like starting a JavaScript when a user clicks on an element.
To learn more about programming events, please visit our JavaScript tutorial.
Below are the global event attributes that can be added to HTML elements to define event actions.
= New event attributes in HTML5.

Window Event Attributes

Events triggered for the window object (applies to the <body> tag):
Attribute Value Description
onafterprint script Script to be run after the document is printed
onbeforeprint script Script to be run before the document is printed
onbeforeunload script Script to be run when the document is about to be unloaded
onerror script Script to be run when an error occur
onhashchange script Script to be run when there has been changes to the anchor part of the a URL
onload script Fires after the page is finished loading
onmessage script Script to be run when the message is triggered
onoffline script Script to be run when the browser starts to work offline
ononline script Script to be run when the browser starts to work online
onpagehide script Script to be run when a user navigates away from a page
onpageshow script Script to be run when a user navigates to a page
onpopstate script Script to be run when the window's history changes
onresize script Fires when the browser window is resized
onstorage script Script to be run when a Web Storage area is updated
onunload script Fires once a page has unloaded (or the browser window has been closed)


Form Events

Events triggered by actions inside a HTML form (applies to almost all HTML elements, but is most used in form elements):
Attribute Value Description
onblur script Fires the moment that the element loses focus
onchange script Fires the moment when the value of the element is changed
oncontextmenu script Script to be run when a context menu is triggered
onfocus script Fires the moment when the element gets focus
oninput script Script to be run when an element gets user input
oninvalid script Script to be run when an element is invalid
onreset script Fires when the Reset button in a form is clicked
onsearch script Fires when the user writes something in a search field (for <input="search">)
onselect script Fires after some text has been selected in an element
onsubmit script Fires when a form is submitted


Keyboard Events

Attribute Value Description
onkeydown script Fires when a user is pressing a key
onkeypress script Fires when a user presses a key
onkeyup script Fires when a user releases a key


Mouse Events

Events triggered by a mouse, or similar user actions:
Attribute Value Description
onclick script Fires on a mouse click on the element
ondblclick script Fires on a mouse double-click on the element
ondrag script Script to be run when an element is dragged
ondragend script Script to be run at the end of a drag operation
ondragenter script Script to be run when an element has been dragged to a valid drop target
ondragleave script Script to be run when an element leaves a valid drop target
ondragover script Script to be run when an element is being dragged over a valid drop target
ondragstart script Script to be run at the start of a drag operation
ondrop script Script to be run when dragged element is being dropped
onmousedown script Fires when a mouse button is pressed down on an element
onmousemove script Fires when the mouse pointer is moving while it is over an element
onmouseout script Fires when the mouse pointer moves out of an element
onmouseover script Fires when the mouse pointer moves over an element
onmouseup script Fires when a mouse button is released over an element
onmousewheel script Deprecated. Use the onwheel attribute instead
onscroll script Script to be run when an element's scrollbar is being scrolled
onwheel script Fires when the mouse wheel rolls up or down over an element


Clipboard Events

Attribute Value Description
oncopy script Fires when the user copies the content of an element
oncut script Fires when the user cuts the content of an element
onpaste script Fires when the user pastes some content in an element


Media Events

Events triggered by medias like videos, images and audio (applies to all HTML elements, but is most common in media elements, like <audio>, <embed>, <img>, <object>, and <video>):
Attribute Value Description
onabort script Script to be run on abort
oncanplay script Script to be run when a file is ready to start playing (when it has buffered enough to begin)
oncanplaythrough script Script to be run when a file can be played all the way to the end without pausing for buffering
oncuechange script Script to be run when the cue changes in a <track> element
ondurationchange script Script to be run when the length of the media changes
onemptied script Script to be run when something bad happens and the file is suddenly unavailable (like unexpectedly disconnects)
onended script Script to be run when the media has reach the end (a useful event for messages like "thanks for listening")
onerror script Script to be run when an error occurs when the file is being loaded
onloadeddata script Script to be run when media data is loaded
onloadedmetadata script Script to be run when meta data (like dimensions and duration) are loaded
onloadstart script Script to be run just as the file begins to load before anything is actually loaded
onpause script Script to be run when the media is paused either by the user or programmatically
onplay script Script to be run when the media is ready to start playing
onplaying script Script to be run when the media actually has started playing
onprogress script Script to be run when the browser is in the process of getting the media data
onratechange script Script to be run each time the playback rate changes (like when a user switches to a slow motion or fast forward mode)
onseeked script Script to be run when the seeking attribute is set to false indicating that seeking has ended
onseeking script Script to be run when the seeking attribute is set to true indicating that seeking is active
onstalled script Script to be run when the browser is unable to fetch the media data for whatever reason
onsuspend script Script to be run when fetching the media data is stopped before it is completely loaded for whatever reason
ontimeupdate script Script to be run when the playing position has changed (like when the user fast forwards to a different point in the media)
onvolumechange script Script to be run each time the volume is changed which (includes setting the volume to "mute")
onwaiting script Script to be run when the media has paused but is expected to resume (like when the media pauses to buffer more data)


Misc Events

Attribute Value Description
onshow script Fires when a <menu> element is shown as a context menu
ontoggle script Fires when the user opens or closes the <details> element

Colors, Styles, and Shadows

Property Description
fillStyle Sets or returns the color, gradient, or pattern used to fill the drawing
strokeStyle Sets or returns the color, gradient, or pattern used for strokes
shadowColor Sets or returns the color to use for shadows
shadowBlur Sets or returns the blur level for shadows
shadowOffsetX Sets or returns the horizontal distance of the shadow from the shape
shadowOffsetY Sets or returns the vertical distance of the shadow from the shape

Method Description
createLinearGradient() Creates a linear gradient (to use on canvas content)
createPattern() Repeats a specified element in the specified direction
createRadialGradient() Creates a radial/circular gradient (to use on canvas content)
addColorStop() Specifies the colors and stop positions in a gradient object

Line Styles

Property Description
lineCap Sets or returns the style of the end caps for a line
lineJoin Sets or returns the type of corner created, when two lines meet
lineWidth Sets or returns the current line width
miterLimit Sets or returns the maximum miter length

Rectangles

Method Description
rect() Creates a rectangle
fillRect() Draws a "filled" rectangle
strokeRect() Draws a rectangle (no fill)
clearRect() Clears the specified pixels within a given rectangle

Paths

Method Description
fill() Fills the current drawing (path)
stroke() Actually draws the path you have defined
beginPath() Begins a path, or resets the current path
moveTo() Moves the path to the specified point in the canvas, without creating a line
closePath() Creates a path from the current point back to the starting point
lineTo() Adds a new point and creates a line from that point to the last specified point in the canvas
clip() Clips a region of any shape and size from the original canvas
quadraticCurveTo() Creates a quadratic Bézier curve
bezierCurveTo() Creates a cubic Bézier curve
arc() Creates an arc/curve (used to create circles, or parts of circles)
arcTo() Creates an arc/curve between two tangents
isPointInPath() Returns true if the specified point is in the current path, otherwise false

Transformations

Method Description
scale() Scales the current drawing bigger or smaller
rotate() Rotates the current drawing
translate() Remaps the (0,0) position on the canvas
transform() Replaces the current transformation matrix for the drawing
setTransform() Resets the current transform to the identity matrix. Then runs transform()

Text

Property Description
font Sets or returns the current font properties for text content
textAlign Sets or returns the current alignment for text content
textBaseline Sets or returns the current text baseline used when drawing text

Method Description
fillText() Draws "filled" text on the canvas
strokeText() Draws text on the canvas (no fill)
measureText() Returns an object that contains the width of the specified text

Image Drawing

Method Description
drawImage() Draws an image, canvas, or video onto the canvas

Pixel Manipulation

Property Description
width Returns the width of an ImageData object
height Returns the height of an ImageData object
data Returns an object that contains image data of a specified ImageData object

Method Description
createImageData() Creates a new, blank ImageData object
getImageData() Returns an ImageData object that copies the pixel data for the specified rectangle on a canvas
putImageData() Puts the image data (from a specified ImageData object) back onto the canvas

Compositing

Property Description
globalAlpha Sets or returns the current alpha or transparency value of the drawing
globalCompositeOperation Sets or returns how a new image are drawn onto an existing image

Other

Method Description
save() Saves the state of the current context
restore() Returns previously saved path state and attributes
createEvent()
getContext()
toDataURL()

HTML Audio and Video DOM Reference

The HTML5 DOM has methods, properties, and events for the <audio> and <video> elements.
These methods, properties, and events allow you to manipulate <audio> and <video> elements using JavaScript.

HTML Audio/Video Methods

Method Description
addTextTrack() Adds a new text track to the audio/video
canPlayType() Checks if the browser can play the specified audio/video type
load() Re-loads the audio/video element
play() Starts playing the audio/video
pause() Pauses the currently playing audio/video

HTML Audio/Video Properties

Property Description
audioTracks Returns an AudioTrackList object representing available audio tracks
autoplay Sets or returns whether the audio/video should start playing as soon as it is loaded
buffered Returns a TimeRanges object representing the buffered parts of the audio/video
controller Returns the MediaController object representing the current media controller of the audio/video
controls Sets or returns whether the audio/video should display controls (like play/pause etc.)
crossOrigin Sets or returns the CORS settings of the audio/video
currentSrc Returns the URL of the current audio/video
currentTime Sets or returns the current playback position in the audio/video (in seconds)
defaultMuted Sets or returns whether the audio/video should be muted by default
defaultPlaybackRate Sets or returns the default speed of the audio/video playback
duration Returns the length of the current audio/video (in seconds)
ended Returns whether the playback of the audio/video has ended or not
error Returns a MediaError object representing the error state of the audio/video
loop Sets or returns whether the audio/video should start over again when finished
mediaGroup Sets or returns the group the audio/video belongs to (used to link multiple audio/video elements)
muted Sets or returns whether the audio/video is muted or not
networkState Returns the current network state of the audio/video
paused Sets or returns whether the audio/video is paused or not
playbackRate Sets or returns the speed of the audio/video playback
played Returns a TimeRanges object representing the played parts of the audio/video
preload Sets or returns whether the audio/video should be loaded when the page loads
readyState Returns the current ready state of the audio/video
seekable Returns a TimeRanges object representing the seekable parts of the audio/video
seeking Returns whether the user is currently seeking in the audio/video
src Sets or returns the current source of the audio/video element
startDate Returns a Date object representing the current time offset
textTracks Returns a TextTrackList object representing the available text tracks
videoTracks Returns a VideoTrackList object representing the available video tracks
volume Sets or returns the volume of the audio/video

HTML Audio/Video Events

Event Description
abort Fires when the loading of an audio/video is aborted
canplay Fires when the browser can start playing the audio/video
canplaythrough Fires when the browser can play through the audio/video without stopping for buffering
durationchange Fires when the duration of the audio/video is changed
emptied Fires when the current playlist is empty
ended Fires when the current playlist is ended
error Fires when an error occurred during the loading of an audio/video
loadeddata Fires when the browser has loaded the current frame of the audio/video
loadedmetadata Fires when the browser has loaded meta data for the audio/video
loadstart Fires when the browser starts looking for the audio/video
pause Fires when the audio/video has been paused
play Fires when the audio/video has been started or is no longer paused
playing Fires when the audio/video is playing after having been paused or stopped for buffering
progress Fires when the browser is downloading the audio/video
ratechange Fires when the playing speed of the audio/video is changed
seeked Fires when the user is finished moving/skipping to a new position in the audio/video
seeking Fires when the user starts moving/skipping to a new position in the audio/video
stalled Fires when the browser is trying to get media data, but data is not available
suspend Fires when the browser is intentionally not getting media data
timeupdate Fires when the current playback position has changed
volumechange Fires when the volume has been changed
waiting Fires when the video stops because it needs to buffer the next frame